Fyuluta yolondola imatchedwanso fyuluta ya pamwamba, ndiko kuti, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tochotsedwa m'madzi timagawidwa pamwamba pa fyuluta sing'anga m'malo mogawidwa mkati mwa fyuluta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotsa zolimba zomwe zayimitsidwa, zisanachitike osmosis ndi electrodialysis, komanso pambuyo pasefa yamitundu yambiri, imagwira ntchito ngati fyuluta yachitetezo. Fyuluta yolondola imakhala ndi nyumba zosefera ndi zosefera zomwe zimayikidwa mkati.
Pogwira ntchito, madzi amalowa muzitsulo kuchokera kunja kwa fyuluta, ndipo zonyansa zomwe zili m'madzi zimatsekedwa kunja kwa fyuluta. Madzi osefedwa amalowa muzosefera ndipo amatsogozedwa ndi payipi yotolera. Kulondola kwa kusefera kwa fyuluta yolondola nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1.1-20μm, kulondola kwa zinthu zosefera kumatha kusinthidwa mwakufuna, ndipo chipolopolocho chimakhala ndi zida ziwiri: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi galasi lachilengedwe. Sefa yolondola iyenera kutsukidwa m'mbuyo kamodzi patsiku mukamagwiritsa ntchito.
Zosefera zolondola ndikukwaniritsa kusefera ndi kulekanitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, zinthu zoyimitsidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tamadzi kapena gasi kudzera muzinthu zake zapadera komanso kapangidwe kake.
Chosefera cholondola nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi zinthu zosefera zamitundu yambiri, kuphatikiza zida za fiber, membrane, zoumba ndi zina zotero. Zidazi zimakhala ndi kukula kwake kosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe a mamolekyu, ndipo zimatha kuyang'ana tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi ting'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana.
Pamene madzi kapena mpweya akudutsa mu mwatsatanetsatane fyuluta, ambiri olimba particles, inaimitsidwa nkhani ndi tizilombo adzakhala oletsedwa pamwamba pa fyuluta, ndi madzi oyera kapena mpweya akhoza kudutsa fyuluta. Kupyolera mu magawo osiyanasiyana azinthu zosefera, chinthu chosefera cholondola chimatha kukwaniritsa kusefa koyenera kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zosefera zolondola zimathanso kupititsa patsogolo kusefera kudzera pakutsatsa kwacharge, kusefera kwapamtunda ndi njira zosefera zakuya. Mwachitsanzo, pamwamba pa zosefera zolondola zimapatsidwa mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imatha kukopa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosiyana; Pamwamba pa zinthu zina zosefera zolondola zimakhala ndi timabowo tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimatha kulepheretsa tinthu ting'onoting'ono kupita kumtunda; Palinso zosefera zolondola zokhala ndi pores zazikulu komanso zosefera zakuya, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kuwononga zinthu zamadzimadzi kapena mpweya.
Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zosefera zolondola zimatha kusefa bwino komanso modalirika ndikulekanitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, zinthu zoyimitsidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tamadzi kapena gasi posankha zida zosefera ndi kapangidwe kake, kuphatikiza njira zosiyanasiyana zosefera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-28-2023